1.pollution
An urban man is being affected gravely by pollution. All metropolitan cities have been the victims of this monster. The problem of pollution is being worsened by uncontrolled migration of the people from villages and towns to cities. Also, there is industrial pollution and vehicular pollution. The air pollution. the water pollution and the noise pollution have given to serious diseases
such as high
blood pressure, asthma, skin problems and respiratory disorders. Small children
who live in the polluted area of the cities are the most unsuspecting victims
of pollution.
There are many
factors which are responsible for pollution. Industrial production in big
cities releases many poisonous gases such as carbon monoxide and sulphur
dioxide. The industrial waste is polluting the water of the rivers and oceans.
The coastal waters have been polluted by the discharge of sewage and harbour waste.
The silence is disturbed by noisy machines, vehicles and loud music blaring from
stereos. In fact. the danger of pollution has become universal and the very
future of mankind is in great danger if proper steps are not taken to check
this menace.
The government is trying to minimise pollution in thickly populated areas of big cities of the country. In most of the states, lead-free petrol is being provided. In big cities the vehicle owners have to get their vehicles checked every three months to ensure that the pollution s under control. Also, many factories and small industries have been shifted and are being shifted from the congested areas to 'safe’ places. Many other steps are being taken by the authorities who are fully aware of the menace of pollution. However, this problem can be solved if all persons take steps to keep their environment pollution free. Then only the efforts of government and non-governmental agencies in controlling pollution, will bear fruit.
2. Population Explosion or Family Planning
There has been advancement and
progress in the medical science. The result is that the health of people in India has improved and
the death rate among the old, young and in plants has decrease. Therefore,
there has been an explosion in the population. Poverty has been increasing
because of population explosion. The Family
Welfare
The programme was started in 1952
and later on, it was renamed
as Family Welfare Programme.
During the time of Emergency
many excesses were committed
in the name of family planning
and hence this change in the
name. Five-year plans were
started to control the
population but India remains a poor country because millions of people have to
be fed. A large number of people arc ill-fed and ill-clad. People living in
tribal areas and other far-fetched areas do not have even two meals a day. Employment
has become a great problem and lakhs or people, both literate and illiterate
are without any job. After the Green Revolution which started in 1955
India became independent in food grains. But the population has increased
manifold. Jobs cannot be created in proportion to the increase in population.
This increasing population has adversely affected the Five-year plans. It is
the basic cause of increasing unemployment. About
ten million children are born every year
which is equal to the total population of Australia and Mongolia.
The government tried its best to promote several plans and programmes to
popularise the Family welfare Plans. But the success of programmes depends on
the proper education of the people. People generally think that children are the gift of God. Many of them do not have knowledge of science
and sex.
Some progress has certainly been made in this direction and many people have
taken to family planning. But more efforts have to be made to achieve complete
success because overpopulation is a great burden on the country's economy and a big
obstacle in its development.
thankyou. STUDY TIME
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